Abstract: Objective  To understand the epidemic situation and features of drug resistance of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Puyang city of He’nan province, and to provide reference for TB control and prevention. Methods  The sputum samples of 1291 smear positive PTB patients detected in TB control institutes in Puyang from 1 March 2010 to 28 February 2013 were collected and cultured, proportion method of tubercle bacillus drug sensitivity test (DST) was conducted to 6 anti-TB drugs (H, R, E, S, Ofx, Km). One thonsand one hundred and nineteen Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains (of 1017 new patients and 102 retreated cases) with culture positive results and DST results were treated as the study object, and the DST results were analyzed. Chi-square test was used for categorical data comparison, P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The overall drug resistant rate, monoresistance rate, polyresistance rate and multidrug-resistance (MDR) rate were 37.2% (416/1119), 24.3% (272/1119), 8.2% (92/1119) and 4.5% (50/1119) respectively. The overall drug resistance rate was 35.1% (357/1017) among new cases and 57.8% (59/102) among previously treated cases. There was significant difference between the two groups (χ²＝20.525, P<0.05). The drug resistance rates to 6 anti-TB drugs arranged in descending order were H (19.9%, 223/1119), S (19.5%, 218/1119), R (10.8%, 121/1119), Ofx (3.7%,14/1119), E (3.6%, 40/1119) and Km (1.4%, 16/1119). The monoresistance rate was 24.3% (247/1017) among new cases and 24.5% (25/102) among previously treated cases, and the difference was not statistical significant (χ²＝0.002, P>0.05). The polyresistance rate was 7.9% (80/1017) among new cases and 11.8% (12/102) among previously treated cases, there was no significant difference between the two groups (χ²＝1.867, P>0.05). MDR rate was 2.9% (30/1017) among new cases, which was significantly lower than that among previously treated cases (19.6%, 20/102) (χ²＝56.423, P=0.000). Conclusion  The drug resistance results of 1119 smear positive TB cases reflect the actual level of drug resistance in Puyang, which lay the foundation for TB control and prevention, especially drug resistant TB control and prevention, taking interventions in time and controlling the epidemic more effectively in future.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Mycobacterium, tuberculosis, Drug resistance, bacterium, Puyang city